Table 3.

Phylogenetic analysis of male life-history traits (see text for full definition) according to sexual system (G = Gonochorism; PA = Protandry; PG = Protogyny) using the Rabosky et al.’s⁶⁷ phylogenetic tree.

Variables		Beta	T	P	df	Model stats
Dependent	Independent					λ	R2
Weight (log10 transformed)	Sexual system – PAa	0.11	0.77	0.44	2,29	1.00	0.06
	Sexual system – PGa	−0.19	−1.07	0.29	2,29
	Sexual system – PGb	−0.30	−1.41	0.16	2,29
Length (log10 transformed)	Sexual system – PAa	−0.04	−0.77	0.44	2,44	0.71	0.06
	Sexual system – PGa	−0.09	−1.64	0.10	2,44
	Sexual system – PGb	−0.04	−0.61	0.54	2,44
Length Maturity (log10 transformed)	Sexual system – PAa	−0.06	−0.85	0.39	2,24	1.00	0.03
	Sexual system – PGa	−0.05	−0.65	0.51	2,24
	Sexual system – PGb	0.01	0.13	0.89	2,24
GSI (%)	Sexual system – PAa	0.43	0.84	0.40	2,43	0.70	0.14
	Sexual system – PGa	−1.12	−2.19	0.03	2,43
	Sexual system – PGb	−1.56	−2.55	0.01	2,43

Notes: Gonochorism in^a and protandry in^b were set as the reference level, respectively.

Abbreviations: T: t-value; df: degrees of freedom; P: p-value; λ: phylogenetic signal. Significant differences (p-values < 0.05) are in bold.