Table 1.
Matched cohort demographics and outcomes
| Covariate, % (n) or mean (SE) | Dronabinol cases (n=33) | Non-dronabinol controls (n=33) | P value |
| Males | 75.8 (25) | 69.7 (23) | 0.59 |
| Mean age, years | 29.9 (1.7) | 30.0 (1.7) | 0.90 |
| Mean injury severity score | 12.8 (1.3) | 15.7 (2.0) | 0.11 |
| Cause of injury | |||
| Vehicular crash | 45.5 (15) | 58.5 (16) | 1.00 |
| Fall cause | 30.3 (10) | 33.3 (11) | 1.00 |
| Other cause | 24.2 (8) | 18.2 (6) | 1.00 |
| Surgical intervention | 63.6 (21) | 63.6 (21) | 1.00 |
| Injury location/region | |||
| Head injury | 48.5 (16) | 57.6 (19) | 0.58 |
| Chest injury | 39.4 (13) | 42.4 (14) | 1.0 |
| Abdominal injury | 18.2 (6) | 30.3 (10) | 0.39 |
| Spinal injury | 27.3 (9) | 54.6 (18) | 0.01 |
| Extremity | 75.8 (25) | 54.6 (18) | 0.12 |
| Pre-injury marijuana user | 57.6 (19) | 12.1 (4) | 0.002 |
| Pre-injury opioid user | 12.1 (4) | 3.0 (1) | 0.25 |
| Pain management contract | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Median (SE) hours to ‘post’period | 54.5 (9.6) | 48 (0) | 0.11 |
| Mean baseline* MME | 168.8 (18.2) | 129.6 (15.7) | 0.07 |
| Mean baseline* pain | 5.8 (0.3) | 4.9 (0.3) | 0.05 |
| Mean hospital LOS, days | 9.3 (1.1) | 11.4 (1.5) | 0.17 |
| Mean ICU LOS, days | 2.2 (0.5) | 4.0 (1.1) | 0.12 |
P value: McNemar's test for categorical variables, paired t-test for continuous variables, Wilcoxon rank sum test for medians. The values in bold indicate statistical significance.
*Baseline: 48 hours before dronabinol (cases) and 0–48 hours from admission (controls).
ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; MME, morphine milligram equivalents.