Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Variable | Ureteroscopy |
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HP (n = 26) | AIP (n = 25) | p | HP (n = 15) | AIP (n = 14) | p | |
| Age (years) | 56.8 ± 12.2 | 57.8 ± 13.2 | 0.70 | 60.1 ± 18.0 | 62.4 ± 7.2 | 0.70 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 4.5 | 25.3 ± 3.8 | 0.04a | 32.1 ± 7.2 | 28.7 ± 10.2 | 0.30 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 10 (38.5%) | 12 (48.0%) | 0.60 | 9 (60.0%) | 9 (64.3%) | 1.0 |
| Male | 16 (61.5%) | 13 (52.0%) | 6 (40.0%) | 5 (35.7%) | ||
| ASA score | ||||||
| 1 | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 0.50 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.50 |
| 2 | 17 (65.4%) | 15 (60.0%) | 5 (33.3%) | 7 (50.0%) | ||
| 3 | 9 (34.6%) | 8 (32.0%) | 10 (66.7%) | 7 (50.0%) | ||
| Preoperative nephrostomy tube | ||||||
| Yes | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (4.0%) | 1.0 | 1 (6.7%) | 1 (7.1%) | 1.0 |
| No | 25 (96.2%) | 24 (96.0%) | 14 (93.3%) | 13 (92.9%) | ||
| Preoperative ureteral stent | ||||||
| Yes | 7 (26.9%) | 6 (24.0%) | 1.0 | 4 (26.7%) | 3 (21.4%) | 1.0 |
| No | 19 (73.1%) | 19 (24.0%) | 11 (73.3%) | 11 (78.6%) | ||
| Stone density (HU) | 791.8 ± 318.7 | 837.2 ± 307.7 | 0.40 | 830.9 ± 274.0 | 937.0 ± 333.9 | 0.40 |
| Stone volumeb (cm3) | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 1.8 | 0.20 | 6.7 ± 8.9 | 9.3 ± 10.9 | 0.30 |
| No. of stones | ||||||
| 1 | 17 (65.4%) | 23 (93.0%) | 0.04a | 8 (53.3%) | 10 (71.4%) | 0.40 |
| >1 | 9 (34.6%) | 2 (8.0%) | 7 (46.7%) | 4 (28.6%) | ||
| Ureteroscopec | ||||||
| Single lumen (3.6F) | 12 (46.2%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.50 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Dual lumen (3.6F) | 10 (38.5%) | 10 (40.0%) | ||||
| Semirigid (7.0F) | 3 (11.5%) | 6 (24.0%) | ||||
| Noned | 1 (3.8%) | 0 0.0%) | ||||
a
Alpha <0.05 considered statistically significant.
b
Stone volume = l × w × d × π × 0.52.
c
Irrigation channel diameter.
d
Only used cystoscope (distal ureteral stone).
AIP = automated irrigation pump; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists™; BMI = body mass index; HP = hand pump; HU = Hounsfield units.