Figure 5.

XBJ reduced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α and exhibited combined effects with VAN or DXM in HK-MRSA-stimulated macrophages. (A–D). Mouse primary peritoneal macrophages (3.5 × 10⁵ cells/well) or iBMDMs (2 × 10⁵ cells/well) were seeded in 24-well plates and incubated overnight. Cells were stimulated by HK-MRSA (MOI=10) and treated with different concentrations of XBJ for 12 or 24 hours. The secretion of cytokines in the cell culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. The expression of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected in primary peritoneal macrophages (A, B) or in iBMDMs (C, D). Data were shown as mean ± SD (n=3). (E–G) XBJ+DXM or XBJ+VAN decreased the production of HK-MRSA-induced inflammatory mediators in Raw264.7. Raw264.7 (2 × 10⁵ cells/well) were seeded in 24-well plates and incubated overnight. Cells were stimulated by HK-MRSA (MOI=10) and treated with XBJ (10 µl/ml), DXM (7 µM), VAN (15 µM), and their combination for 24 hours. The secretion of TNF-α (E), MCP-1 (F), and MIP-2 (G) in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. Data were shown as mean ± SD (n=4). *^,**^,***Significantly different at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively.