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. 2020 Feb 21;11:123. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00123

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effects of the co-treatment of AA and ATO on pyroptosis of SW620 cells. (A) Representative images of electron microscopic examination showing the promoting effects of ATO/AA combination treatment on pyroptosis. Yellow arrows indicate the pyroptotic cells with cytoplasmic swelling and nucleus pyknosis. (a) control; (b) ATO (2 μM); (c) AA (1 mM); (d) AA (1 mM) + ATO (2 μM); (e) AA (2 mM); (f) AA (2 mM) + ATO (2 μM). Magnification: ×10000. Scale bar: 2 μm. (B) Synergistic upregulation of caspase-1 protein level by ATO/AA combination treatment, with left panel showing the typical examples of Western blot band images and the right one showing the statistical data expressed as mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001. (C, D) Synergistic elevation of the mRNA levels pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, respectively, by ATO/AA combination treatment in SW620 cells. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. The data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3).