Table 2.
Adjusted associations with the rate of falls among home care clients in HNHB health region, Jan 1 – Mar 31, 2018 (n = 10,586)
| IRR | 95% CI | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | |||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 0.83 | 0.78, 0.89 | < 0.001 |
| Age | |||
| < 60 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 60–69 | 0.88 | 0.77, 1.00 | 0.054 |
| 70–79 | 0.71 | 0.63, 0.81 | < 0.001 |
| 80–89 | 0.70 | 0.61, 0.79 | < 0.001 |
| 90–99 | 0.70 | 0.61, 0.80 | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 100 | 0.57 | 0.37, 0.88 | 0.011 |
| Marital Status | |||
| Never Married | 0.94 | 0.83, 1.06 | 0.277 |
| Married (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Widowed | 0.98 | 0.91, 1.05 | 0.520 |
| Separated | 1.25 | 1.05, 1.49 | 0.012 |
| Divorced | 1.06 | 0.95, 1.19 | 0.283 |
| Other | 1.21 | 0.97, 1.51 | 0.096 |
| Functional Characteristics | |||
| Cognitive Skills for Daily Decision-Making | |||
| Independent (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Modified Independence | 1.14 | 1.05, 1.23 | 0.001 |
| Minimally Impaired | 1.28 | 1.18, 1.40 | < 0.001 |
| Moderately Impaired | 1.38 | 1.24, 1.54 | < 0.001 |
| Severely Impaired | 1.19 | 1.04, 1.37 | 0.013 |
| Activities of Daily Living Decline | 1.59 | 1.49, 1.69 | < 0.001 |
| Primary Modes of Locomotion (Indoors) | |||
| No Assistive Device (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cane | 1.42 | 1.28, 1.59 | < 0.001 |
| Walker/Crutch | 1.50 | 1.37, 1.63 | < 0.001 |
| Scooter | 2.26 | 1.42, 3.71 | < 0.001 |
| Wheelchair | 1.35 | 1.21, 1.51 | < 0.001 |
| Activity Did Not Occur | 1.06 | 0.83, 1.37 | 0.626 |
| Stair Climbing | |||
| Up and Down Stairs No Help (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Up and Down Stairs with Help | 1.22 | 1.10, 1.34 | < 0.001 |
| Not Go Up and Down Stairs | 1.22 | 1.11, 1.33 | < 0.001 |
| Polypharmacy and Health Conditions | |||
| Drugs | |||
| 0–2 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3–4 | 1.21 | 1.03, 1.43 | 0.022 |
| 5–7 | 1.11 | 0.96, 1.29 | 0.153 |
| ≥ 8 | 1.21 | 1.05, 1.39 | 0.007 |
| Stroke | 0.91 | 0.84, 0.98 | 0.013 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 0.86 | 0.78, 0.94 | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.06 | 0.840 |
| Irregular Pulse | 1.00 | 0.92, 1.08 | 0.944 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 0.96 | 0.87, 1.07 | 0.489 |
| Chest Pain/Pressure at Rest or on Exertion | 1.11 | 0.97, 1.28 | 0.139 |
| Dizziness or Lightheadedness | 1.43 | 1.33, 1.52 | < 0.001 |
| Edema | 1.01 | 0.94, 1.07 | 0.854 |
| Shortness of Breath | 0.92 | 0.86, 0.98 | 0.013 |
| Alzheimer’s | 0.80 | 0.70, 0.92 | 0.001 |
| Dementia | 1.02 | 0.94, 1.11 | 0.642 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 1.09 | 0.86, 1.38 | 0.485 |
| Parkinsonism | 1.46 | 1.28, 1.67 | < 0.001 |
| Arthritis | 1.04 | 0.98, 1.11 | 0.189 |
| Hip Fracture | 1.13 | 0.98, 1.29 | 0.084 |
IRR Incident Rate Ratios, 95% CI 95% Confidence Interval