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. 2020 Feb 21;14:134. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00134

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Copyright © 2020 Ayub, Hermiz, Lange and Orchard.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The effect of Rhopr-SIFa on heartbeat rate of fifth instar R. prolixus. (A) Student’s t-test reveals a significant difference between heartbeats/minute in 10^–8 M Rhopr-SIFa relative to saline (***p < 0.0001), Mean + SE (n = 7). (B) Rhopr-SIFa stimulates a dose-dependent increase in the average frequency (Mean ± SE) of heart contractions of R. prolixus. (C) A sample trace, where the arrow indicates the application of 10^–8 M Rhopr-SIFa that results in an increase in frequency of heart contractions (vertical deflections) relative to saline.