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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jan 21;51(6):652–660. doi: 10.1111/apt.15639

Figure 1. Overview of assessment of exposure to opioids and outcomes including HE and non-HE decompensation events.

Figure 1.

All patients enrolled in the IQVIA Pharmetrics database with at least two ICD-9 codes for cirrhosis were included in the cohort. There was a 1 year look-back period prior to cirrhosis diagnosis during which covariates and exclusion criteria were assessed. Patients age 18–64 years with continuous health enrolment/pharmacy benefits and no decompensation events were included. Exposure to opioids were assessed in the 6 months after cirrhosis diagnosis. In the year after the exposure assessment period (i.e. 6 months-1 year after cirrhosis diagnosis), patients were assessed for the presence of HE or non-HE decompensation events.