Table 1:

Threat coverage of existing mitigation techniques [14] and proposed framework.

Mitigation techniques	Overproduction	Recycling	Remarking	Cloning	Out-of-spec/Defective
Physical inspection [2]	NA	Low	Low	NA	NA
Electrical measurement [5]	NA	Medium	Medium	NA	Low
Recycling detection sensor [52]	NA	High	High	NA	NA
Secure split test [8]	High	NA	Low	Medium	High
Hardware metering [28]	Low	NA	Low	Low	NA
Split manufacturing [40]	High	NA	NA	Low	NA
IC camouflaging [39]	NA	NA	NA	Medium	NA
Hardware watermarking [6]	NA	NA	NA	Medium	NA
PUF [46, 17]	Low	Low	NA	Medium	NA
Package ID-based technique [21]	NA	Medium	Medium	NA	NA
Proposed framework	High	High	High	High	High