Table 3.
Association of HIV Infection, Total Testosterone Levels, and Adiponectin Levels With NAFLD, With and Without Adjustment for SHBG Levels
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Without SHBGa | With SHBG | |
| Log2 (SHBG) | – | 0.52 (0.34–0.80) |
| Log2 (TT) | 0.74 (0.53–1.04) | 0.93 (0.63–1.36) |
| Log2 (SHBG) | – | 0.50 (0.34–0.75) |
| HIV infection | 0.46 (0.26–0.79) | 0.61 (0.34–1.08) |
| Log2 (SHBG) | – | 0.56 (0.37–0.85) |
| Log2 (Adiponectin) | 0.66 (0.49–0.89) | 0.74 (0.54–1.02) |
Bold formatting signifies statistical significance at P < .05.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; SHBG, sex hormone–binding globulin; TT, total testosterone; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
aBase model includes HIV serostatus, age, race, MACS site, testing batch, PNPLA3 genotype, VAT, and HOMA-IR. TT and adiponectin were each evaluated separately in the multivariable models.