Table 2.
Number of Infants Lost to Follow-up Between High-Risk and Low-Risk Infantsa
| Age at Last CCHMC Provider Interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Factor | 1 Month of Age n (%) | 1–18 Months of Age n (%) | 18+ Months of Age n (%) |
| Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Diagnosis n = 813 | 178 (21.9) | 259 (31.9) | 376 (46.2) |
| Opioid Exposure (Without NAS) n = 1696 | 700 (41.3) | 347 (20.5) | 649 (38.3) |
| “Other” Drug Exposureb n = 2654 | 994 (37.5) | 528 (19.9) | 1132 (42.7) |
| High Risk n = 5180 | 1873 (36.2) | 1139 (22.0) | 2168 (41.9) |
| Low Risk n = 53 247 | 24 653 (46.3) | 10061 (18.9) | 18 533 (34.8) |
Abbreviations: CCHMC, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NAS, neonatal abstinence syndrome.
aInfants were considered lost to follow-up if they did not have 1 or more provider interactions with a CCHMC pediatrician after initial hospital discharge by at least 18 months of age. Percentages are calculated as the proportion within each row. The cohort was analyzed for loss to follow-up in 2 time periods: before 1 month of age and between 1 and 18 months of age, because those older than 1 month can receive conclusive hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid testing, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations. High-risk infants are considered any infant with either an intrauterine drug exposure (IUDE) and/or human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis B virus infection. Loss to follow-up in high-risk infants is further divided by type of IUDE
bInfants classified as having “Other Drug Exposure” includes any infant who had an intrauterine exposure to amphetamines, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, cannabinoids, cocaine, and phencyclidine.