Table 2.
The evidence quality for thiazide diuretics reducing the incidence of kidney stones and 24-h urinary calcium level
| Quality assessment | No of patients | Effect | Quality | Importance | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of studies | Design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | UCa of thiazide diuretics | Placebo | Relative (95% CI) | Absolute | ||
| Thiazide diuretics VS placebo in 24-h UCa | ||||||||||||
| 4 | Randomized trials | No serious risk of bias | No serious inconsistency | No serious indirectness | Seriousa | None | 145 | 171 | – | SMD 18.59 lower (25.11 to 12.08 lower) | Moderate | Important |
| Thiazide diuretics VS placebo in incidence of new kidney stones | ||||||||||||
| 8 | Randomized trials | No serious risk of bias | Seriousb | No serious indirectness | Seriousa | None | 52/286 (18.2%) | 119/285 (41.8%) | – | 418 fewer per 1000 (from 418 fewer to 418 fewer) | Low | Critical |
UCa urinary calcium
aThe sample size is not large enough and the event rate is not high enough
bThe outcome of 2 studies is no effect