Table 5.
Logistic regression of risk factors and loading on patients with chronic kidney disease in the study
| Variable | Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | Normal, non-CKD | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor loading, | ||||
| 0-Normal Blood Pressure | 20 (22.2%) | 70 (77.8%) | 1.0 | |
| 1-Hypertension (HTN) | 53 (47.3%) | 59 (52.7%) | 3.1 (1.7–5.8) | < 0.001* |
| 2-HTN + HbA1c > 7.0% | 20 (42.6%) | 27 (57.4%) | 2.6 (1.2–5.6) | 0.014* |
| 3-HTN + HbA1c + LDL > 2.0 mmol/L | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (100.0%) | – | 0.999 |
| 4-HTN + A1c + LDL + Age + Dur < 5 yr | 17 (34.7%) | 32 (65.3%) | 1.9 (0.9–4.0) | 0.114 |
| 5-HTN + HbA1c + LDL + Age + Dur ≥ 5 yr | 29 (50.9%) | 28 (49.1%) | 3.6 (1.8–7.4) | < 0.001* |
| 6-HTN + A1c + LDL + Age + Dur > 5 yr + Cig | 11 (64.7%) | 6 (35.3%) | 6.4 (2.1–19.5) | 0.001* |
| 7- ACEI/ARB-use | ||||
| Yes | 111 (41.6) | 156 (58.4) | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) | 0.114 |
| No | 39 (33.1) | 79 (66.9) | 1.0 | |
CKD Chronic kidney disease, stages 3 to 5, Age = Age > 50 years, Dur Duration of diabetes, Cig Cigarette-smoking, HTN Hypertension, LDL Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. The addition of LDL, Age and Duration of diabetes equal to/above 5 yrs did not enhance risk of CKD significantly in the risk factor loading model