FIG 11.

PlsPE as an AD marker in the App^NLGF mouse brain. (A) Chemical structure of PlsPE containing a fatty alcohol with a vinyl-ether bond at the sn-1 position (R¹) and a fatty acid at the sn-2 position (R²). (B) LC-MS analysis of PlsPE in the brains of 8-month-old female WT and App^NLGF mice (both n = 6). The results are presented as means ± the SD. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA, followed by the Fisher LSD post hoc test. (C to E) MALDI-MSI analyses of PlsPE in the brains of 8-month-old female WT mice (C and D) and 11-month-old male WT, App^NLGF, and App^NLGF::Keap1^FA/FA mice (E). Coronal sections at 1.0 mm anterior (A1.0) (C) and 1.8 mm posterior (P1.8) (D and E) to the bregma were analyzed as special references for the distributions of PlsPEs containing d18:0/22:6, d16:0/22:6, and d18:0/18:1. Experiments were performed at least three times with three mouse brains, and the results were fairly reproducible. Hippo, hippocampus; Thal, thalamus; Hypo, hypothalamus.