Table. Research priorities for improving newborn health and birth outcomes by 2025 as ranked by 91 experts.

	Research priorities	Score
Delivery domain
1	Can a simplified neonatal resuscitation programme delivered by trained health workers reduce neonatal deaths due to perinatal asphyxia?	90
2	How can health workers’ skills in preventing and managing asphyxia be scaled up?	88
3	Can simple clinical algorithms used by community health workers identify and refer neonates with signs of infection and consequently reduce newborn mortality?	86
4	How can exclusive breastfeeding in low-resource contexts be promoted to reduce neonatal infections and mortality?	85
5	Can training of community health workers in basic newborn resuscitation reduce morbidity and mortality due to perinatal asphyxia?	83
6	How can the administration of injectable antibiotics at home and first-level facilities to newborns with signs of sepsis be scaled up to reduce neonatal mortality?	82
7	How can facility-based initiation of kangaroo mother care or continuous skin-to-skin contact be scaled up?	80
8	How can chlorhexidine application to the cord be scaled up in facility births and in low neonatal mortality rate settings to reduce neonatal infections and neonatal mortality?	80
9	How can quality of care during labour and birth be improved to reduce intrapartum stillbirths, neonatal mortality, and disability?	79
10	Can community-based extra care for preterm/low birthweight babies delivered by community health workers reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality in settings with poor access to facility care?	79
Development domain
1	Can community-based initiation of kangaroo mother care reduce neonatal mortality of clinically stable preterm and low birthweight babies?	82
2	How can the accuracy of community health workers in detecting key most important high-risk conditions or danger signs in pregnant women be improved?	77
3	Can perinatal audits improve quality of care in health facilities and improve fetal and neonatal outcomes?	74
4	Can intrapartum monitoring to enhance timely referral improve fetal and neonatal outcomes?	74
5	Can training community health workers to recognise and treat neonatal sepsis at home with oral antibiotics when referral is not possible reduce neonatal mortality?	74
Discovery domain
1	Can stable surfactant with simpler novel modes of administration increase the use and availability of surfactant for preterm babies at risk of respiratory distress syndrome?	71
2	Can the method to diagnose fetal distress in labour be made more accurate and affordable?	66
3	Can strategies for prevention and treatment of intrauterine growth restriction be developed?	64
4	Can novel tocolytic agents to delay or stop preterm labour be developed in order to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity?	63
5	Can major causal pathways and risk factors for antepartum stillbirth be identified?	61

Overall and criterion specific scores ranged from 0% to 100%.