Table 2.

The pharmacological mechanisms of CHM.

VSMCs	Endothelial cells	Cardiomyocytes
Inhibiting expression or activity of contractile and structural proteins	Activation of NO signaling pathway	Alleviation of cardiac hypertrophy
Regulating expression of extracellular matrix proteins	Inhibition of inflammation	Attenuation of oxidative stress
Regulating calcium levels in a PKA/PKG/PKC-dependent way	Attenuation of oxidative stress	Inhibition of apoptosis
Attenuating proliferation and migration of VSMCs	Inhibition of apoptosis,	Opening KATP channels
Anti-inflammation improving mitochondrial function	Inducing angiogenesis suppression of endothelial permeability	ANP secretion