Table 3. Characteristics of the Non-dementia group by cognition status between MCI and normal cognition.
| Characteristics | Normal cognition (n=76) | MCI (n=174) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic parameter | |||
| Age (years) | 55.0±6.3 | 57.1±6.7 | 0.020* |
| Female | 16 (21.1) | 65 (37.4) | 0.012* |
| Low education (≤12 years) | 48 (63.2) | 149 (85.6) | 0.011* |
| SBP (mmHg) | 128.7±17.7 | 130.2±20.0 | 0.595 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.8±3.2 | 24.3±3.3 | 0.304 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.1±10.0 | 90.2±9.2 | 0.031 |
| Smoker | 28/75 (37.3) | 52/166 (31.3) | 0.378 |
| Moderate drinker | 22/75 (29.3) | 31/166 (18.7) | 0.092 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.19±1.24 | 4.29±1.06 | 0.530 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.51±2.19 | 2.36±1.64 | 0.616 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.96±0.24 | 1.05±0.27 | 0.020* |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.34±0.84 | 2.59±0.91 | 0.046* |
| Diabetic parameter | |||
| Course (years) | 8.0±6.8 | 8.7±6.5 | 0.446 |
| Age at onset (years) | 46.9±8.6 | 48.3±8.5 | 0.230 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 10.3±5.0 | 10.2±4.5 | 0.808 |
| FC-P (ng/ml) | 1.17±0.8 | 1.16±0.8 | 0.920 |
| HOMA2-IR | 3.6±3.0 | 3.3±2.4 | 0.434 |
| HOMA2-β | 69.0±47.6 | 64.8±41.1 | 0.524 |
| SDBG (mmol/L) | 3.1±1.3 | 3.2±1.3 | 0.531 |
| PPGE (mmol/L) | 2.7±1.9 | 2.7±1.9 | 0.862 |
| LAGE (mmol/L) | 9.6±4.0 | 9.8±4.1 | 0.760 |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.1±2.3 | 8.8±2.1 | 0.264 |
| HbA1c >7.5% | 57 (75.0) | 119 (68.4) | 0.366 |
| DR | 34 (44.7) | 84 (48.3) | 0.680 |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 14 (18.4) | 48 (27.6) | 0.152 |
| Macrovascular complications | 54 (71.1) | 112 (64.4) | 0.383 |
| Diabetic peripheral neuropathy | 42 (55.3) | 86 (49.4) | 0.412 |
Data are displayed in the form of n (%) or mean (SD). *, There were significant differences between normal cognition group and MCI group. MCI, mild cognitive impairment; SBP, systolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; FC-P, fasting plasma C-peptide; HOMA2-IR, homeostasis model assessment 2 of insulin resistance index; HOMA2-β, homeostasis model assessment 2 of β-cell function; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose; SDBG, standard deviation of blood glucose; PPGE, postprandial glucose excursion; LAGE, largest amplitude of glycemic excursions; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; DR, diabetic retinopathy.