Fig. 5.

Significant metabolic pathways upon polarisation of THP-1 macrophages toward M1 and M2 states with bar graphs of key metabolites that significantly changed, the other metabolites either identified with no significant change (pyruvate, citrate, G6P, glutamate, ornithine and arginine) or unidentified. Metabolic enzymes are as follows; 1: pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2: pyruvate carboxylase, 3: glutamate-aspartate aminotransferase, 4: l-aspartate N-acetyltransferase, 5: N-acetylglutamate synthetase, 6: formiminoglutamase, 7: imidazolonepropionase, 8: tryptophan 5-monooxygenase, 9: arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, 10: ornithine aminotransferase, 11: arginase-1, 12: ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase, 13: pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase. G6P: glucose 6-phosphate, PRPP: 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate, F6P: fructose 6-phosphate. The bar charts show the peak intensity (y-axis) of corresponding metabolites, from the top to the bottom and left to right (cytidine, N-Ac-l-Asp, N-Ac-l-Glu, 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan and N-acetylserotonine). M0 in yellow, M1 in blue and M2 in purple