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. 2020 Feb 1;27(2):119–131. doi: 10.5551/jat.RV17038-2

Supplementary Table 2. Differences in condition between human patients and animals used in preclinical studies.

Humans Animals
Age Elder Young
Presence of other diseases Having other disease(s) None
Circadian rhythm Diurnality Nocturnal
Genetic homogeneity Individual differences Homogenous strain
Gender Both men and women Males or females
Cause of disease Spontaneous or disturbance of the immune or metabolism Artificial induction or insufficient model
Time to begin treatment After symptoms progress At the time of induction or early stage
Drug dose Extremely high dose

Summarized after van der Worp HB, et al.77) and Couzin-Frankel J.79).They discussed the difference between human treatment condition and experiments with primarily mice.