TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants with KOA according to quartiles of Western and prudent dietary pattern scores1
| Quartiles of Western dietary pattern | Quartiles of prudent dietary pattern | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| Variable | (n = 2757) | (n = 689) | (n = 689) | (n = 690) | (n = 689) | P- value | (n = 689) | (n = 689) | (n = 690) | (n = 689) | P- value |
| Age, y | 62.1 ± 9.0 | 64.4 ± 8.7 | 63.2 ± 9.1 | 61.6 ± 8.8 | 59.1 ± 8.6 | <0.01 | 59.8 ± 8.8 | 62.5 ± 9.1 | 62.9 ± 9.0 | 63.2 ± 8.8 | <0.01 |
| Male | 40.5 | 40.5 | 40.5 | 40.4 | 40.5 | 1.00 | 40.5 | 40.5 | 40.4 | 40.5 | 1.00 |
| Race | |||||||||||
| White | 78.8 | 83.6 | 81.4 | 79 | 71.1 | <0.01 | 72.4 | 83.2 | 79.7 | 79.8 | <0.01 |
| African American | 18.2 | 12.3 | 15.5 | 18.1 | 26.7 | 25.5 | 13.8 | 16.4 | 17 | ||
| Other | 3.1 | 4.1 | 3 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2 | 3 | 3.9 | 3.2 | ||
| Education | |||||||||||
| ≤High school | 16.7 | 11.5 | 13.8 | 17.1 | 24.5 | <0.01 | 23.9 | 15.4 | 14.3 | 13.2 | <0.01 |
| College | 46.1 | 44.1 | 48.5 | 45.7 | 46.3 | 48.2 | 46.6 | 44.6 | 45.1 | ||
| >College | 37.1 | 44.4 | 37.7 | 37.2 | 29 | 27.7 | 38 | 41 | 41.7 | ||
| Missing | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Family income | |||||||||||
| ≤25 k | 13.2 | 12.8 | 11.9 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 0.11 | 16 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 0.02 |
| 25-50 k | 25.6 | 24.2 | 25.7 | 24.5 | 28.2 | 27.3 | 23.5 | 28.7 | 23.1 | ||
| 50-100 k | 34.6 | 35.3 | 35.1 | 37.5 | 30.6 | 30.9 | 39.3 | 32.5 | 35.8 | ||
| >100 k | 20.5 | 20.5 | 21.5 | 20.6 | 19.6 | 20 | 18.9 | 21.2 | 22.1 | ||
| Missing | 6.0 | 7.3 | 5.8 | 3.9 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 6.5 | ||
| Depressed | 8.9 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 10.6 | 11.3 | <0.01 | 13.9 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 6.7 | <0.01 |
| Smoking status | |||||||||||
| Never | 53.4 | 56 | 52.4 | 54.2 | 50.8 | <0.01 | 52.7 | 54.3 | 53.8 | 52.7 | <0.01 |
| Current | 6.2 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 3.8 | ||
| Past | 40.4 | 40.1 | 42.8 | 40 | 38.8 | 36.9 | 39.9 | 41.3 | 43.5 | ||
| PASE | 159.0 ± 81.4 | 159.9 ± 83.4 | 157.8 ± 79.7 | 162.8 ± 82.4 | 155.6 ± 80.2 | 0.40 | 158.2 ± 81.3 | 152.5 ± 79.7 | 157.2 ± 79.0 | 168.1 ± 85.1 | <0.01 |
| BMI | |||||||||||
| <25 | 18.2 | 27.9 | 19.6 | 15.7 | 9.7 | <0.01 | 10.6 | 18.9 | 18.8 | 24.5 | <0.01 |
| 25–30 | 39.9 | 40.6 | 41.1 | 42.3 | 35.6 | 39 | 42.4 | 41.3 | 36.9 | ||
| ≥30 | 41.9 | 31.5 | 39.3 | 42 | 54.7 | 50.4 | 38.8 | 39.9 | 38.6 | ||
| KL grade (index knee) | |||||||||||
| 1 | 33.9 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 4.4 | ||
| 2 | 44.0 | 35.6 | 35 | 33.5 | 31.6 | 0.78 | 29.5 | 34.8 | 35.8 | 35.6 | 0.10 |
| 3 | 22.1 | 43.1 | 43.7 | 43.5 | 45.7 | 46.9 | 44 | 41 | 44.1 | ||
| Baseline JSW, mm | 5.4 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | 0.68 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 0.68 |
| NSAID use2 | 21.4 | 20.6 | 18.6 | 23.3 | 22.9 | 0.11 | 22.4 | 20.9 | 20.7 | 21.5 | 0.88 |
| Total calories, kcal/d | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | <0.01 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | <0.01 |
1
Values are means ± SEs or percentages unless otherwise indicated. Tests for significant difference across categories of dietary pattern intake included the chi-square test, Mantel–Haenszel test, and ANOVA. JSW, joint space width; KL, Kellgren–Lawrence Scale; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PASE, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; Q, quartile.
2
NSAID (including aspirin, ibuprofen, etc.) use for joint pain or arthritis in past 30 d.