TABLE 2.
Association between quintile of lifestyle score and the risk of type 2 diabetes1
| Continuous score (total) | Quintile 1 (lowest) | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3 | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5 (highest) | P-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CKB | |||||||
| Person-years | 4,551,091 | 722,620 | 998,084 | 568,464 | 1,041,943 | 1,219,980 | |
| Type 2 diabetes cases, n | 15,118 | 953 | 2185 | 1637 | 3996 | 6347 | |
| Mean (range) | 12.7 (0.0–29.0) | 8.0 (0.0–9.0) | 10.5 (10.0–11.0) | 12.0 (12.0–12.0) | 13.5 (13.0–14.0) | 16.6 (15.0–29.0) | |
| Age adjusted | 1.31 (1.29, 1.33) | 0.31 (0.29, 0.33) | 0.47 (0.45, 0.50) | 0.59 (0.56, 0.62) | 0.76 (0.73, 0.79) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted | 1.34 (1.32, 1.36) | 0.30 (0.28, 0.33) | 0.42 (0.40, 0.44) | 0.53 (0.50, 0.56) | 0.69 (0.66, 0.72) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| SCHS | |||||||
| Person-years | 105,078 | 18,617 | 14,184 | 16,541 | 31,379 | 24,357 | |
| Type 2 diabetes cases, n | 4392 | 476 | 474 | 591 | 1397 | 1454 | |
| Mean (range) | 8.8 (1.0–18.0) | 3.3 (0.0–4.0) | 5.0 (5.0–5.0) | 6.0 (6.0–6.0) | 7.5 (7.0–8.0) | 10.1 (9.0–16.0) | |
| Age adjusted | 1.14 (1.13, 1.16) | 0.42 (0.38, 0.47) | 0.55 (0.49, 0.62) | 0.60 (0.54, 0.67) | 0.74 (0.68, 0.80) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Multivariate adjusted | 1.15 (1.14, 1.17) | 0.41 (0.37, 0.46) | 0.54 (0.48, 0.60) | 0.59 (0.53, 0.66) | 0.72 (0.67, 0.79) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Pooled | |||||||
| Type 2 diabetes cases, n | 19,510 | 1429 | 2659 | 2228 | 5393 | 7801 | |
| Age adjusted | 0.34 (0.32, 0.36) | 0.47 (0.45, 0.49) | 0.62 (0.59, 0.65) | 0.79 (0.76, 0.82) | 1.00 | <0.001 | |
| Multivariate adjusted | 0.30 (0.28, 0.32) | 0.42 (0.40, 0.44) | 0.53 (0.50, 0.56) | 0.69 (0.66, 0.72) | 1.00 | <0.001 | |
Values are HRs (95% CIs) unless otherwise indicated. We included all participants in the 2 studies when we estimated the association between lifestyle score and type 2 diabetes (CKB: 461,030; SCHS: 38,434). Model was adjusted for sex, age, region code, and family history of diabetes in the CKB cohort and adjusted for sex, age, education, father dialect, and years of interview in the SCHS cohort. The participants in the 2 cohorts were pooled by quintile of lifestyle score and the model was adjusted for sex, age, and region. Those in the highest quintile of lifestyle score serve as the reference group. CKB, China Kadoorie Biobank; SCHS, Singapore Chinese Health Study.