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. 2019 Jul 7;10(3):475–487. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.07.001

Figure 1.

Figure 1

ProBiotic-4 treatment improved memory deficits and neuronal injury in aged SAMP8 mice. (A) Alternation in the Y-maze test at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after ProBiotic-4 treatment. (B) Step-down latency and error times in the step-down passive avoidance test. (C) Representative photomicrographs and quantitative analysis of the number of neurons per field in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal CA1 areas, analyzed by Nissl staining and NeuN immunostaining. (D) Representative immunoblots and quantitative analysis of SYN expression in brain tissues. The level of SYN was normalized to β-actin. The results are expressed as the normalized optical density value relative to vehicle-treated SAMR1 group. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 10–12/group in A and B; n = 5–6/group in C and D). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus SAMP8 group treated with vehicle (one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test).