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. 2019 Sep 5;10(3):447–461. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.08.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Berberine exerted protective effects and enhanced residence of EGCs in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. (A) Mice were treated with 3% DSS (from Day 0–7) and sterile water for additional 4 days. Berberine (100 mg/kg) was administrated daily and body weight (shown as the percentage of initial body weight) and DAI were monitored. (B) Typical pictures of colon. (C) Colon length. (D) Spleen index expressed as spleen weight (mg)/body weight (g). (E) Typical histological sections stained with H&E (50 × and 400 × magnification). (F) Statistics of histological score. (G) Immunohistochemistry staining of GFAP, substance P, GDNF, and BDNF of colonic tissue (scale = 75 μm). (H) Western blot assay of the protein level of GDNF, substance P, and BDNF. (I) The mRNA expression of Gfap, Gdnf, substance P, and their related genes in colon. (J) GDNF, substance P, and BDNF in colonic homogenates, determined by ELISA. All data were presented as mean ± SEM (n = 8 mice per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 compared with the vehicle group. Normal, mice with no treatment; Vehicle, mice treated only with DSS; Berberine, mice treated with DSS and berberine.