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. 2020 Jan 10;48(5):2694–2708. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz1215

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Mini-modules and new RNA editing types. (A) Example of the putative 3 bp-long mini-module cox3-m9 from Artemidia. The upper map shows the 3′ RACE approach and the location of the mini-module in the transcript. (B) Sequence chromatogram of a 3′ RACE amplicon including cox3-m9. Note the mixed chromatogram peaks downstream of the T-tract indicating a mixture of RT-PCR products with or without the CAG triplet, causing a 3-nt phase shift. (C) The cox3-m9 mini-module is encoded adjacent to cox1-m21 in the chromosome U01. The mini-module-encoding locus was inferred from the shown RNA-Seq reads that cover cox3-m8 with its appended U-tract, followed by the CAG triplet flanked by the cox1-m21 sequence. The non-coding region of the chromosome is set in italics. (D) Hypothetical scenario of the RNA processing pathway of the adjacent cox3-m9 and cox1-m21 modules and trans-splicing to their cognate partners. In this model, the larger precursor acts as a mini-module ‘carrier’. The yellow box indicates the RNA intermediate identified in panel (C). The intermediates in black frames illustrate the expected, cognate modules up- and downstream of cox3-m9 and cox1-m21.