. 2020 Feb 26;12:223–233. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S236885

Table 1.

Results of Two-Sample Bidirectional MR Analyses on the Causal Effects Between Serum UA and Schizophrenia

MR Method	Number of SNPs	Beta (95% CI)	SE	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Serum UA to schizophrenia^a
Inverse variance weighted	26	−0.060 (−0.144, 0.024)	0.043	0.942 (0.866, 1.025)	0.163
MR Egger	26	−0.037 (−0.158, 0.084)	0.062	0.964 (0.854, 1.087)	0.555
Weighted median	26	−0.035 (−0.097, 0.026)	0.031	0.965 (0.908, 1.026)	0.260
Serum UA to schizophrenia^b
Inverse variance weighted	21	−0.038 (−0.097, 0.020)	0.030	0.962 (0.908, 1.020)	0.195
MR Egger	21	−0.029 (−0.110, 0.053)	0.042	0.972 (0.895, 1.054)	0.496
Weighted median	21	−0.033 (−0.096, 0.030)	0.032	0.968 (0.908, 1.031)	0.307
Schizophrenia to serum UA^c
Inverse variance weighted	45	−0.045 (−0.073, −0.017)	0.014	0.956 (0.929, 0.983)	0.002*
MR Egger	45	0.143 (−0.052, 0.337)	0.099	1.153 (0.949, 1.401)	0.159
Weighted median	45	−0.038 (−0.073, −0.002)	0.018	0.963 (0.930, 0.998)	0.036*
Schizophrenia to serum UA^d
Inverse variance weighted	44	−0.039 (−0.065, −0.013)	0.013	0.962 (0.937, 0.987)	0.003*
MR Egger	44	0.134 (−0.044, 0.311)	0.091	1.143 (0.957, 1.365)	0.147
Weighted median	44	−0.036 (−0.071, −0.001)	0.018	0.964 (0.931, 0.999)	0.043*

Notes: *Statistically significant P-value. ^aSerum UA to schizophrenia MR before removal of the five SNPs with potential pleiotropic effects. ^bSerum UA to schizophrenia MR after removal of the five SNPs with potential pleiotropic effects. ^cSchizophrenia to serum UA MR before removal of the SNP with potential pleiotropic effects. ^dSchizophrenia to serum UA MR after removal of the SNP with potential pleiotropic effects.

Abbreviations: MR, Mendelian randomization; UA, uric acid; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; Beta, beta coefficient; CI, confidence interval; SE, standard error.