Figure 1.

Study outline and clinical parameters. (A) The nonhuman primate model of latent tuberculosis infection and treatment. Animals were infected with 10–20 cfu of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) CDC1551, and of the 14 animals that developed latent tuberculosis infection, n = 7 were left untreated, whereas n = 7 were treated with weekly isoniazid and rifapentine for 3 months and rested for 1 month before coinfection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). (B) After infection, animals were tested for response to tuberculosis skin tests (TSTs) to confirm Mtb infection. (C–E) Animals were monitored for signs of disease such as serum CRP (C-reactive protein) (C), wasting (D), and pyrexia (E) throughout the study. (F) Quantification of chest X-ray scores (0–3) for all animals over the course of the study. (G) Survival kinetics shown as days after Mtb infection with SIV coinfection (dotted line). 3HP = 12-week regimen of once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine; CXR = chest X-ray; GBW = Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test; TCID₅₀ = median tissue culture infectious dose.