TABLE 1.
Maternal Characteristics | Mother HCV-Negative, N = 380 765 | Mother HCV-Positive, N = 4072 | P |
---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR), y | 23 (20–27) | 26 (23–30) | <.001 |
Education, median (IQR), y | 12 (11–13) | 12 (11–12) | <.001 |
Race, % (n) | <.001 | ||
White | 66.3 (251 859) | 92.9 (3775) | — |
African American | 32.4 (123 071) | 6.4 (261) | — |
Other | 1.3 (4982) | 0.6 (26) | — |
Ethnicity, % (n) | <.001 | ||
Hispanic | 3.3 (12 546) | 1.3 (52) | — |
Non-Hispanic | 96.7 (367 865) | 98.7 (4012) | — |
Residence rurality, % (n) | <.001 | ||
Urban | 73.8 (280 465) | 68.6 (2783) | — |
Rural adjacent | 21.5 (81 696) | 25.6 (1039) | — |
Rural remote | 4.7 (17 947) | 5.8 (236) | — |
Pregnancy characteristics | |||
Gravidity, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | <.001 |
Parity, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | <.001 |
Admitted to ICU, % (n) | 0.1 (370) | 0.3 (12) | <.001 |
Tobacco use, % (n) | 29 (110 286) | 72 (2916) | <.001 |
Maternal infections | |||
Hepatitis B, % (n) | 0.2 (724) | 2.5 (103) | <.001 |
HIV, % (n) | 0.2 (673) | 0.6 (24) | <.001 |
Infant characteristics | |||
Gestational age at birth, median (IQR), wk | 39 (38–39) | 39 (37–39) | <.001 |
Birth wt, median (IQR), g | 3204 (2863–3515) | 3027 (2665–3372) | <.001 |
Small for gestational age (<10th percentile), % (n) | 14 (51 707) | 21 (871) | <.001 |
Sex, % (n) | .83 | ||
Male | 51 (194 404) | 51 (2072) | — |
Female | 49 (186 358) | 49 (2000) | — |
Admitted to NICU, % (n) | 6.9 (26 222) | 11.5 (467) | <.001 |
Congenital or neonatal disorder,a % (n) | 0.4 (1440) | 0.4 (17) | .69 |
Breastfed infant, % (n) | 54 (196 178) | 33 (1310) | <.001 |
Health care use | |||
Prenatal visit No., median (IQR) | 11 (9–14) | 10 (7–13) | <.001 |
Well-child visit No., median (IQR) | 6 (4–7) | 6 (4–8) | <.001 |
Data may not sum up to 100% because of missing data. IQR, interquartile range; —, not applicable.
Congenital or neonatal disorder included birth injury, cleft lip, cleft palate, confirmed trisomy 21, congenital hernia, gastroschisis, heart disease, hypospadias, limb reduction, omphalocele, seizures, and spina bifida.