TABLE 3.
Unadjusted and Adjusted Characteristics Associated With Any and Adequate HCV Testing Among Infants Who Were Exposed
| Any Testing, Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Any Testing, aOR (95% CI) | Adequate Testing,a Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adequate Testing,a aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Age (per 1-y increase) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) |
| African American (versus white) | 0.39 (0.26–0.58) | 0.32 (0.13–0.78) | 0.42 (0.27–0.65) | 0.36 (0.14–0.97) |
| Other race (versus white) | 0.41 (0.12–1.37) | 0.21 (0.00–13.33) | 0.57 (0.17–1.89) | 0.46 (0.01–24.64) |
| Education (per 1-y increase) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 0.92 (0.85–1.00) | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) |
| Rural adjacent (versus urban) | 0.86 (0.72–1.02) | 0.73 (0.58–0.92) | 0.78 (0.64–0.94) | 0.66 (0.51–0.85) |
| Rural remote (versus urban) | 0.84 (0.61–1.17) | 0.67 (0.43–1.03) | 0.76 (0.52–1.09) | 0.69 (0.43–1.11) |
| Pregnancy characteristics | ||||
| Maternal parity (per 1-U increase) | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) | 0.93 (0.86–1.01) |
| Tobacco use | 1.52 (1.28–1.81) | 1.41 (1.14–1.74) | 1.52 (1.26–1.84) | 1.53 (1.21–1.94) |
| Maternal infections | ||||
| Hepatitis B | 0.79 (0.48–1.30) | 0.83 (0.47–1.47) | 0.83 (0.49–1.43) | 0.87 (0.46–1.64) |
| HIV | 3.33 (1.49–7.45) | 7.85 (2.82–21.84) | 2.76 (1.20–6.32) | 5.40 (1.92–15.24) |
| Infant characteristics | ||||
| Small for gestational age (<10th percentile) | 1.11 (0.93–1.32) | 0.93 (0.76–1.15) | 1.21 (1.00–1.46) | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) |
| Gestational age at birth (per 1-wk increase) | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.98 (0.93–1.02) |
| Female sex | 0.99 (0.86–1.15) | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) | 1.05 (0.89–1.23) | 1.03 (0.86–1.24) |
| Congenital disorder | 1.02 (0.33–3.13) | 1.18 (0.35–3.99) | 0.98 (0.28–3.41) | 1.18 (0.31–4.50) |
| NICU admission | 1.40 (1.13–1.74) | 1.05 (0.78–1.41) | 1.46 (1.15–1.83) | 1.16 (0.84–1.59) |
| Health care use | ||||
| Prenatal visits (per 1-visit increase) | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) |
| Well-child visits (per 1-visit increase) | 1.27 (1.23–1.31) | 1.29 (1.24–1.33) | 1.27 (1.23–1.31) | 1.27 (1.23–1.32) |
Variability in testing was accounted for by clustering at the hospital level. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.052 (95% CI, 0.022–0.117) for general testing and 0.041 (95% CI, 0.014–0.113) for adequate testing, suggesting that a small percentage of the total variance in both general and adequate testing is accounted for by the clustering. Characteristics were adjusted for the other covariates included in this table.
a
Adequate testing is defined as either HCV antibody testing performed at or after 18 mo or HCV RNA PCR testing performed at or after 2 mo of age.