Figure 1.

Molecular targeted therapies evaluated in HNSCC clinical trials. Other inhibitors included ATR, aurora A, Bcl-2, BTK, CD44, CHEK1, EpCam, hedgehog, HSP90, JAK, MAPK, STAT3, and thrombospondin-1 inhibitors. ATR = ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein; Bcl-2 = B cell lymphoma 2; BTK = bruton tyrosine kinase; CD44 = cluster of differentiation 44; CHEK1 = checkpoint kinase 1; EpCAM = epithelial cell adhesion molecule; HNSCC = head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; HSP90 = heat shock protein 90; JAK = janus kinase; MAPK = mitogen-activated protein kinase; STAT3 = signal transducer and activator of transduction 3.