Table 3.

Results of the IRT analysis in the knowledge section (n = 318)

Items	b	a	λ	χ2 (df = 8)	P values
K1 Flu-like illnesses are caused by:
Penyakit seperti selsema disebabkan oleh:
K1i Virus	−1.04	3.12	0.87	120.2	< 0.001
Virus
K1ii Bacteria	−0.54	2.16	0.78	62.98	< 0.001
Bakteria
K1iii Allergies	−0.41	3.50	0.9	100.55	< 0.001
Alergi
K2 Flu-like illnesses are spread by:
Penyakit seperti selsema disebarkan oleh:
K2i Water	0.24	2.32	0.82	88.76	< 0.001
Air
K2ii Sharing towels with an infected person	−0.32	3.95	0.94	52.78	< 0.001
Berkongsi tuala dengan penghidap
K2iii Dust	−0.86	2.24	0.79	26.19	0.001
Debu
K2iv Air	−1.10	3.39	0.88	24.34	0.002
Udara
K2v Shaking the hands of an infected person with a cough and/or cold	−0.16	1.90	0.75	52.42	< 0.0001
Berjabat tangan dengan pengidap yang batuk atau demam
K3 Flu-like illnesses are spread quickly	−1.17	1.41	0.64	101.32	< 0.001
Penyakit seperti selsema tersebar dengan pantas
K4 The following persons are at an increased risk of flu-like illnesses:
Berikut merupakan mereka yang berisiko tinggi mengalami penyakit seperti selsema:
K4i Senior citizens aged 65 and older	−0.57	1.94	0.75	29.26	< 0.001
Warga emas berusia 65 tahun ke atas
K4ii Smokers	−0.14	3.08	0.87	75.46	< 0.001
Perokok
K4iii Asthmatics	−0.87	2.83	0.86	43.63	< 0.001
Pesakit asma
K4iv Diabetics	0.40	4.32	0.93	21.16	0.007
Pesakit diabetes
K4v People with arthritis	0.43	2.34	0.80	50.84	< 0.001
Penghidap artritis
Kvi Those in crowded places/among a lot of people	−1.13	1.83	0.73	49.71	< 0.001
Mereka yang berada di tempat yang sesak/dalam kalangan ramai orang
K5 What are the complications of flu-like illnesses?
Apakah komplikasi penyakit seperti selsema?
K5i Pneumonia	−0.27	2.76	0.90	91.12	< 0.001
Paru-paru berair
K5ii Bronchitis	−0.14	2.93	0.91	126.49	< 0.001
Bronkitis
K5iii Difficulty in breathing	0.64	6.26	0.88	22.80	0.004
Kekejangan
K5iv Multi-organ failure	0.55	2.85	0.89	170.57	< 0.001
Kegagalan pelbagai organ
K6 The following practices can help protect you from flu-like illnesses:
Amalan berikut dapat menghindari anda daripada penyakit seperti selsema:
K6i Ensuring a healthy diet	−1.05	2.29	0.50	38.14	< 0.001
Memastikan pemakanan yang sihat
K6ii Receiving vaccinations	−0.80	2.26	0.85	66.51	< 0.001
Menerima vaksinasi
K6iii Washing your hands with hand sanitizers	−0.86	6.29	0.78	15.08	0.058
Membasuh tangan dengan sanitasi
K6iv Covering your nose with your hands	−0.67	1.75	0.92	71.99	< 0.001
Menutup mulut dengan tangan
K6v Wearing a face mask	−1.22	5.07	0.71	10.75	0.216
Memakai topeng muka
K7 The following are reasons for wearing a mask:
Berikut merupakan sebab memakai topeng muka:
K7i Being in crowded places	−1.03	6.11	0.97	11.82	0.160
Berada di tempat yang sesak
K7ii Being near people who are coughing	−1.26	4.83	0.96	20.75	0.008
Berada berdekatan orang yang batuk
K7iii When I am sick	−0.91	4.33	0.94	49.03	< 0.001
Apabila saya sakit
K8 A cloth facial mask is as effective as a 2-ply surgical facial mask	1.02	1.29	0.60	60.85	< 0.001
Topeng wajah kain sama berkesan dengan topeng wajah pembedahan dua lapisan
K9 If I am not sick, the used face mask can be stored in a bag for later use	0.72	1.56	0.67	182.10	< 0.001
Jika saya tidak sakit, topeng muka terpakai boleh disimpan dalam beg untuk kegunaan seterusnya

a discrimination, b difficulty, df degree of freedom, IRT item response theory, SE standard error, χ²chi-square, λ standardized loadingItems with P values < 0.05 in the assessment of the item fit are highlighted in bold