Table 6.

Mental Health Care-seeking: multivariable analyses of individuals in the present study, 2016–2017

	Care-seeking among depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation		Care-seeking among depressive symptoms only		Care-seeking among suicidal ideation only
	AOR	P value	AOR	P value	AOR	P value
Sexa
Male	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Female	1.07 (0.75–1.52)	0.710	1.12 (0.74–1.69)	0.586	1.07 (0.63–1.83)	0.798
Urban or ruralb
Urban	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Rural	1.78 (1.13–2.79)	0.012	1.38 (0.84–2.27)	0.204	2.01 (0.99–4.07)	0.054
Level of schoolc
No school	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Basic	0.96 (0.64–1.46)	0.858	1.00 (0.62–1.61)	0.99	0.72 (0.41–1.27)	0.256
Higher	0.75 (0.44–1.28)	0.288	0.71 (0.39–1.31)	0.271	0.65 (0.29–1.42)	0.279
Aged
26–35	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
18–25	1.04 (0.67–1.63)	0.856	1.10 (0.66–1.83)	0.717	1.21 (0.61–2.41)	0.583
36–45	1.21 (0.78–1.87)	0.396	1.36 (0.82–2.24)	0.229	1.35 (0.72–2.54)	0.356
46–55	1.31 (0.78–2.22)	0.313	1.66 (0.91–3.00)	0.097	1.13 (0.52–2.42)	0.760
> 55	1.18 (0.74–1.89)	0.489	1.22 (0.72–2.05)	0.461	0.94 (0.42–2.07)	0.872
Marital statusf
Married	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Divorced/separated	1.51 (0.87–2.63)	0.145	1.27 (0.65–2.47)	0.482	2.37 (1.11–5.06)	0.025
Widowed	0.72 (0.41–1.28)	0.265	0.64 (0.34–1.20)	0.162	1.20 (0.53–2.72)	0.654
Single	0.83 (0.26–2.62)	0.754	0.95 (0.27–3.29)	0.932	1.28 (0.24–6.86)	0.771
Religionf
Pentecostal	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Catholic	0.92 (0.55–1.52)	0.732	0.59 (0.33–1.04)	0.067	2.06 (0.95–4.47)	0.068
Muslim	0.63 (0.13–3.04)	0.564	0.57 (0.11–2.99)	0.503	2.18 (0.20–23.84)	0.523
Zione	1.21 (0.76–1.94)	0.426	1.00 (0.58–1.72)	0.998	1.75 (0.90–3.40)	0.102
Anglican	0.55 (0.12–2.63)	0.456	0.48 (0.10–2.39)	0.37	1.31 (0.12–14.63)	0.827
Johan Masowe/Johan Maranga	0.72 (0.14–3.71)	0.698	N/A	N/A	2.33 (0.40–13.69)	0.348
No religion	0.66 (0.39–1.12)	0.128	0.75 (0.41–1.38)	0.355	0.85 (0.40–1.82)	0.682
Other Christian	1.12 (0.46–2.72)	0.801	1.38 (0.47–4.06)	0.558	1.65 (0.53–5.14)	0.39
Not sure	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Other	0.76 (0.33–1.77)	0.522	0.70 (0.28–1.76)	0.446	0.65 (0.13–3.13)	0.59
SESe
5th quintile	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
1st quintile	0.56 (0.29–1.08)	0.083	0.70 (0.34–1.44)	0.328	0.53 (0.20–1.42)	0.209
2nd quintile	0.55 (0.29–1.04)	0.067	0.57 (0.28–1.17)	0.125	0.58 (0.22–1.53)	0.272
3rd quintile	0.76 (0.42–1.36)	0.349	0.87 (0.45–1.68)	0.682	0.42 (0.16–1.08)	0.071
4th quintile	1.03 (0.61–1.72)	0.923	1.13 (0.63–2.03)	0.682	0.93 (0.42–2.04)	0.847
Alcoholf
Never	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Once a month or less	0.62 (0.37–1.05)	0.078	0.66 (0.37–1.20)	0.174	0.48 (0.21–1.07)	0.074
2–4× per month	1.08 (0.55–2.12)	0.822	1.50 (0.68–3.31)	0.318	1.03 (0.38–2.82)	0.953
2–4× per week	0.78 (0.32–1.92)	0.595	0.79 (0.31–2.03)	0.625	1.46 (0.56–4.70)	0.522
4 or more per week	1.31 (0.38–4.57)	0.671	2.83 (0.45–17.64)	0.265	1.43 (0.26–7.71)	0.678
Overall disabilityf
≤ 12	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
13–24	1.23 (0.86–1.75)	0.264	1.29 (0.86–1.92)	0.216	1.57 (0.89–2.77)	0.121
25–36	1.19 (0.58–2.44)	0.632	1.53 (0.63–3.70)	0.346	1.18 (0.42–3.34)	0.752
> = 37	1.02 (0.41–2.54)	0.968	0.73 (0.27–2.03)	0.551	0.57 (0.07–4.27)	0.581
Any injury (in the past year)f
No injury	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Injury	1.17 (0.75–1.83)	0.476	1.35 (0.82–2.22)	0.245	0.92 (0.48–1.78)	0.805
Injury by assault (in the past year)f
No assault injury	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)	1 (ref)	(ref)
Assault injury	0.76 (0.24–2.39)	0.644	0.76 (0.19–3.03)	0.696	0.89 (0.17–4.58)	0.891

^aAdjusted for age, SES, education, residence

^bAdjusted for age, SES, education, sex

^cAdjusted for SES, sex, residence

^dAdjusted for SES, residence

^eAdjusted for age, sex, education, residence

^fAdjusted for age, sex, education, SES, residence