Table 3.

Associated factors of diabetic foot ulcer among subjects with type 2 diabetes of Bangladesh using multinomial logistic regression, n = 1200

Risk groups	Associated factors	B	P value	OR	95% CI for OR
					Lower bound	Upper bound
Group 1	Area of residence
	Rural area	0.172	0.573	1.188	0.652	2.165
	Urban area	Ref.
	History of trauma
	Present	0.7	0.076	2.015	0.929	4.369
	Absent	Ref.
	Diabetic retinopathy
	Present	0.099	0.814	1.104	0.486	2.508
	Absent	Ref.
	Diabetic nephropathy
	Present	0.526	0.14	2.174	0.755	6.099
	Absent	Ref.
Group 2-A/B*	Age
	≥50 years	0.192	0.324	1.212	0.827	1.774
	<50 years	Ref.
	Monthly income (BDT)
	≤19 488	0.4	0.039†	1.491	1.020	2.181
	>19 488	Ref.
	Medication
	Insulin user	0.013	0.945	1.014	0.692	1.485
	Insulin non-user	Ref.
	History of trauma
	Present	0.032	0.916	1.032	0.570	1.870
	Absent	Ref.
Group 3A	Area of residence
	Rural area	0.379	0.014†	1.461	1.081	1.975
	Urban area	Ref.
	Monthly income (BDT)
	≤19 488	0.347	0.031†	1.415	1.032	1.940
	>19 488	Ref.
	History of trauma
	Present	1.098	<0.001†	2.998	2.044	4.396
	Absent	Ref.
	Diabetic nephropathy
	Present	0.231	0.504	1.260	0.640	2.482
	Absent	Ref.
Group 3B	Age
	≥50 years	0.160	0.494	1.173	0.742	1.854
	<50 years	Ref.
	Monthly income (BDT)
	≤19 488	0.570	0.016†	1.768	1.114	2.805
	>19 488	Ref.
	History of trauma
	Present	1.133	<0.001†	3.104	1.810	5.324
	Absent	Ref.
	Diabetic retinopathy
	Present	0.659	0.018†	1.933	1.122	3.329
	Absent	Ref.
	Diabetic nephropathy
	Present	0.871	0.024†	2.389	1.123	5.083
	Absent	Ref.

*Group 2B was merged with 2A as the participants were very few in the group 2B.

†indicates significant.

Ref, reference; BDT, Bangladesh taka.