Table 3.
Association between depressive symptoms and baPWV according to subgroups of baseline characteristics
| Subgroups | Beta-coefficient (95% CI) | P value for interaction | ||
| None | Mild | Moderate to severe | ||
| Sex | 0.072 | |||
| Male | Reference | 65.6 (12.6 to 118.6)*** | 39.3 (−68.0 to 146.6) | |
| Female | Reference | 11.5 (−47.1 to 70.1) | 170.1 (66.2 to 274.0)** | |
| Age, years | 0.242 | |||
| <40 | Reference | −19.2 (−79.4 to 40.9) | 45.9 (−76.4 to 168.2) | |
| 40–60 | Reference | 28.4 (−24.5 to 81.2) | 109.0 (13.6 to 204.5)*** | |
| ≥60 | Reference | 112.3 (16.1 to 208.4)*** | 88.8 (−113.0 to 290.7) | |
| Smoking | 0.162 | |||
| Yes | Reference | 69.9 (13.7 to 126.2)*** | 22.8 (−105.9 to 151.6) | |
| No | Reference | 24.4 (−17.4 to 66.2) | 109.8 (39.4 to 180.3)** | |
| BP categories | 0.016 | |||
| Optimal | Reference | −34.6 (−92.9 to 23.7) | 2.2 (−112.1 to 116.4) | |
| Normal and high-normal | Reference | 55.8 (3.4 to 108.2)*** | 77.6 (−26.6 to 181.7) | |
| Hypertension | Reference | 109.0 (9.1 to 208.9)*** | 222.1 (57.1 to 387.1)** | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.004 | |||
| Yes | Reference | 154.1 (45.0 to 263.2)** | 216.4 (38.1 to 394.8)*** | |
| No | Reference | 0.6 (−40.6 to 41.8) | 44.5 (−37.2 to 126.3) | |
| Dyslipidaemia | 0.615 | |||
| Yes | Reference | 40.0 (−7.4 to 87.4) | 95.3 (3.1 to 187.6)*** | |
| No | Reference | −3.9 (−76.0 to 68.1) | 85.9 (−44.4 to 216.1) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.201 | |||
| <24 | Reference | 3.1 (−56.5 to 62.6) | 115.3 (9.3 to 221.2)*** | |
| 24–28 | Reference | 45.8 (−24.6 to 116.2) | −9.4 (−139.6 to 120.7) | |
| ≥28 | Reference | 72.0 (−5.0 to 149.1) | 208.0 (26.7 to 389.3)*** | |
Each stratification was adjusted for all other presented subgroups except the stratification factor itself.
*P<0.001, **P<0.01, ***P<0.05.
baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure.