TABLE 3.
LncRNAs in Innate Antiviral Immunity
LncRNA | Species | Function | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
NRAV | Hs | Downregulated in human epithelial cells following infection with Influenza A; suppresses the expression of ISGs including MXA potentially through interaction with ZONAB | 65 |
NEAT1 | Hs | Induced by PolyI:C stimulation; required for the upregulation of IL-8 by modulating the formation of paraspeckles | 66 |
LncRNA-ACOD1 | Ms | Induced by VSV in an IFN-independent manner; binds to and promotes the function of the metabolic enzyme GOT2 to support VSV replication | 29 |
Lnc-Lsm3b | Ms | Induced late in VSV infection in an IFN-dependent manner; interacts with and inhibits RIG-I activation thus suppressing the induction of innate transcriptional programs | 30 |
NeST | Ms | Modulates susceptibility to Theiler’s virus persistence by recruiting WDR5/MLL to the Ifng locus to bolster transcription in T cells | 67 |
lncRHOXF1 | Hu | Suppresses Type I IFN and ISG transcription in human placental cells | 89 |
GAS5 | Hu | Upregulated by HCV infection; inhibits HCV replication by directly binding the HCV protein NS3 | 90 |
LncITPRIP-1 | Hu | Induced by HCV infection in an IFNα-dependent manner; binds to and promotes MDA-5 function and the consequent induction of ISGs | 91 |