Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurobiol Dis. 2020 Jan 21;137:104759. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104759

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

Ictal and interictal respiratory abnormalities in neuron-specific Kcna1 cKO mice. A, Baseline measurements of interictal respiratory rate (breaths per min), tidal volume, and minute ventilation (vent) in WT, hemizygous Syn1-Cre (Cre), compound heterozygous Kcna1 floxed/null (fl/−), and neuron-specific Kcna1 cKO mice (cKO). B, Comparison between genotypes of respiratory variability, measured as the coefficient of variance of the inter-breath intervals. C-F, Quantification across genotypes of post-sigh apnea frequency (C), spontaneous apnea frequency (D), sigh frequency per hour (E), and percentage ratio of post-sigh apneas to total number of sighs (F). G, Representative recording of simultaneous EEG-Pleth-ECG activity during a seizure in a cKO mouse. Onset and termination of the seizure are indicated by dotted orange lines. Tachypnea (TP) occurs at seizure onset followed by hypopnea (HP) and hyperventilation (HV) with tachypnea, which develops into irregular ataxic (ATX) breathing that terminates at the end of the seizure. Hyperventilation with tachypnea is evident during the postictal period. Bradycardia (BC) occurs during the seizure but subsequent to tachypnea and hypopnea, suggesting the cardiac slowing may be triggered by brain-driven respiratory dysfunction. *P<0.05; **P<0.01 (1-way ANOVA; post-hoc Tukey test). ECG, electrocardiography; EEG, electroencephalography; Pleth, plethysmography. Vertical scale bars: 0.5 mV for EEG; 0.5 mL for pleth; 1 mV for ECG.