Table 2.
Intraoperative and post-operative results on transcatheter and intraoperative device closure
| Group A | Group B | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Successful closure, n (%) | 86 (97.7%) | 96 (98.0%) | 0.913 |
| Device size | 12.6 ± 3.5 | 13.0 ± 3.0 | 0.404 |
| Device/weight ratio | 0.97 ± 0.23 | 1.35 ± 0.27 | < 0.05 |
| Device/weight ratio ≥ 1.5, n (%) | 3 (3.4%) | 28 (28.6%) | < 0.05 |
| Time of procedure (mins) | 41.4 ± 22.7 | 66.3 ± 20.9 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (days) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 1.3 | < 0.05 |
| Follow-up (months) | 52.1 ± 26.5 | 58.1 ± 28.0 | 0.134 |
| Residual shunting | 3 (3.4%) | 8 (8.2%) | 0.17 |
| Periprocedural complications | 12 (13.6%) | 26 (26.5%) | 0.058 |
| Cardiac death | 0 | 0 | NS |
| Device embolization | 1 | 0 | 0.29 |
| Cardiac perforation | 0 | 0 | NS |
| Hydrothorax or Pericardial effusion | 0 | 5 | < 0.05 |
| Transient cardiac arrhythmias | 8 (9.0%) | 17 (17.3%) | 0.099 |
| Hematoma at access site | 3 (3.4%) | 0 | 0.065 |
| Surgical wound complications | 0 | 2 (2%) | 0.178 |
| Pneumonia | 0 | 2 (2%) | 0.178 |
| Incision length (cm) | / | 2.4 ± 0.9 | |
| Fluoroscopy time (mins) | 4.6 ± 7.9 | / |
A: transcatheter device closure, B: intraoperative device closure, NS: not significant. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and categorial variables are presented as number and percentage