Table 1.

Policies and Study Interventions to Support School Wellness Policy Implementation

Intervention group	Policies	Implementation support by research staff
District-wide in all schools	● Meals served through the National School Breakfast Program and National School Lunch Program will be appealing and attractive to students; will be served in clean and pleasant settings; will include no fried vegetables at K-8 schools; will offer a variety of fruits and vegetables; and will offer only low-fat milk (no flavored milk). All cereals are whole grain. ● Competitive foods will not be sold. ● Students will have physical education class at least 90 minutes per week	● Create School Wellness Teams each year at each school. Recruit an in-school team leader and pay a stipend to the leader of $500 per year. Attend School Wellness Team meetings and assist in setting annual goals to support the implementation of wellness policies. ● Meet annually with teachers and principals to support the implementation of wellness policies. Provide gift cards for principals to use to incentivize teachers to implement policies in the classroom.
Nutrition intervention schools	● Schools will not use food or beverages as rewards for academic performance or good behavior. Schools will not withhold food or beverages as punishment. ● Schools should limit celebrations that involve food during the school day to no more than one party per class per month. Each party should include no more than one food or beverage that does not meet nutrition standards for food and beverages sold individually. The district will disseminate a list of healthy party ideas to parents and teachers. ● Schools will provide nutrition education to foster lifelong habits of healthy eating. Nutrition education will also extend to the students’ homes via workshops for parents, materials given to students and directly sent to parent/guardians such a school menus and other bulletins. ● Schools should engage students and parents, through taste tests of new entrées and surveys, in selecting foods sold through the school meal programs in order to identify new, healthful, and appealing food choices.	● Meet with teachers each year and provide materials to support the nutrition education curriculum in the classroom. Provide school with materials that contain messages about healthy beverage choices. ● Meet with food service director and staff regularly to support professional development and ensure that all meals meet federal nutritional criteria, specifically increasing whole grain products and lowering sodium. Ensure all competitive foods meet state standards. ● Meet with principals and teachers each year to ensure that food is not used for celebrations or as a reward in class. Provide alternative strategies to the principals and teachers to reward students. ● Work with cafeteria staff to provide nutrition education activities in the cafeteria, including taste-testing. ● Work with School Wellness Teams to conduct school-wide campaigns to limit sugary drinks and promote water. ● Provide newsletters to be sent home with students with nutrition tips and ideas for healthy snacking.
Physical activity intervention schools	● Schools will provide a quality physical education program that will foster a life-long appreciation for physical fitness through participation in fitness activities. Students will acquire the knowledge to lead a healthy and productive lifestyle. ●Teachers and other school and community personnel will not use physical activity (e.g., running laps, pushups) or withhold opportunities for physical activity (e.g., recess, physical education) as punishment.	● Support physical education curriculum; provide resources for equipment; focus on exposing students to a variety of activities to enhance lifetime fitness. ● Work with teachers to support the integration of physical activity into the classroom. ● Work with principals and teachers to ensure that there are no punitive uses of physical activity and promote positive physical activity-focused fundraising and celebrations. ● Provide support for physical activity outside of school, including walking/running clubs, use of school building for physical activity after school hours, and participation in community physical activity events. ● Promote school-wide campaigns to increase physical activity, including distribution of individual activity monitors and online tracking program. ● Provide newsletters to be sent home with students with fun family physical activity ideas and information about community physical activity resources

K–8, kindergarten through eighth grade.