Table 4.
Overview of included studies
| Author (year) | Intervention | Country | Definition of scale-up | Use of framework to inform scale-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ansbro et al. (2015) | Point-of-care rapid syphilis tests | Zambia | No | No |
| Araya et al. (2012) | National Depression Detection and Treatment Programme | Chile | Yes: ‘an increased supply of services, which ideally should be built on a scientific evidence-base and be sustainable over time’ | No |
| Bellows et al. (2016) | Family planning through supply and demand strengthening | Zambia | No | No |
| Blauvelt et al. (2018) | Free health and nutrition hotline | Malawi | No | No |
| Fitzgerald et al. (2016) | Early Infant Male Circumcision | Kingdom of Swaziland | No | No |
| Gergen et al. (2018) | Performance-based financing programme on HIV and maternal–child health services | Mozambique | Yes: ‘the benefit of more people through increased service and population coverage and the cultivation of policy and sustainable programme development’ | No |
| Ghiron et al. (2014) | Community-based efforts to simultaneously address population issues, public health concerns, environmental conservation and sustainable livelihoods | Kenya and Uganda | No | Yes, ExpandNet |
| Goga and Muhe (2011) | The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Strategy | 27 countries of all 6 WHO regions | No | No |
| Hainsworth et al. (2014) | Adolescent contraceptive services | Ethiopia, Mozambique, Ghana, Tanzania and Vietnam | No | No |
| Igras et al. (2014) | Standard days method (family planning method) | Rwanda | No | Yes, ExpandNet |
| Jordan et al. (2016) | A first-aid device for obstetric haemorrhage | Ethiopia, India, Nigeria and Zimbabwe | No | No |
| Keyonzo et al. (2015) | Package of family planning interventions | Kenya | No | Yes, ExpandNet |
| Krumholz et al. (2015) | Evidence-based strategy of community-based primary care (including community-based nurses and volunteers) | Ghana | No | No |
| MacGregor et al. (2018) | Antiretroviral treatment adherence clubs | South Africa | Yes: ‘an extension of the geographic reach and/or scope and coverage of an intervention, as well as to the processes and capacities and resources required to achieve such expansion’ | No |
| Ojomo et al. (2015) | Household water treatment and safe storage | Tanzania and Ghana | Yes: ‘scale-up refers to the extent to which household water treatment and safe storage can be made available to the target population as well as the extent to which it is adopted by that population and used correctly and consistently’ | No |
| Omimo et al. (2018) | Community-based efforts to simultaneously address population issues, public health concerns, environmental conservation and sustainable livelihoods | Kenya and Uganda | Yes: ‘Deliberate efforts to increase the impact of successfully tested pilot, demonstration or experimental projects to benefit more people and to foster policy and programme development on a lasting basis’ | Yes, ExpandNet |
| Pappa et al. (2015) | Gender-integrated programmes | India | No | No |
| Pérez-Escamilla et al. (2018) | Integrated early childhood development programmes | Bangladesh, Chile, India and South Africa | Yes: ‘a process aimed at maximizing the reach and effectiveness of a range of actions, leading to sustained impact on outcomes’ | No |
| Schneider et al. (2010) | Antiretroviral therapy | South Africa | No | Yes, scale-up was guided by the Comprehensive Care Management and Treatment Plan |
| Somassè et al. (2013) | Community-based management of acute malnutrition approach | Burkina Faso | No | No |
| Spicer et al. (2014) | Maternal and newborn health interventions | Ethiopia, India and Nigeria | Yes: ‘an increase in the coverage of health interventions that have been tested in pilot and experimental projects in order to benefit more people’ | No |
| Spicer et al. (2016) | Maternal and newborn health interventions | Ethiopia, India and Nigeria | Yes: ‘an increase in the coverage of health interventions that have been tested in pilot and experimental projects in order to benefit more people’ | No |
| Spicer et al. (2018) | Maternal and newborn health interventions | Ethiopia, India and Nigeria | Yes: ‘the adoption and implementation of donor-funded maternal and new-born health innovations, thereby increasing their geographical reach to benefit a greater number of people beyond donor-funded implementers’ project districts or in the longer term beyond donor-funded project periods’ | No |
| Svanemyr et al. (2015) | Life Skills Based Education (including sexuality education) | Pakistan | No | No |
| Wickremasinghe et al. (2018) | Maternal and newborn health interventions | Ethiopia, India and Nigeria | Yes: ‘government adoption and implementation of health innovations, increasing geographical reach to benefit a greater number of people beyond externally funded implementers’ programme districts’ | No |
| Yamey (2012) | Health interventions in general | LMICs | Yes: ‘the ambition or process of expanding the coverage of health interventions’ | No |
| Yothasamut et al. (2010) | Pap smear and VIA services (methods for cervical cancer screening) | Thailand | No | No |
WHO, World Health Organization; VIA, Visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid.