Table 8.
Barriers to Food Intake by Site (n = 700)
| Barriers to food intake | Overall (N = 700) % (n) |
Site A (N = 152) % (n) |
Site B (N = 119) % (n) |
Site C (N = 159) % (n) |
Site D (N = 131) % (n) |
Site E (N = 139) % (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % of audits with barriers identified | 84.6 (592)** | 79.6 (121) | 84.9 (101) | 76.1 (121) | 90.1 (118) | 94.2 (131) |
| Most common barriers identified |
(n = 592) % (n) |
(n = 121) % (n) |
(n = 101) % (n) |
(n = 121) % (n) |
(n = 118) % (n) |
(n = 131) % (n) |
| Needs positioning | 17.7 (105)** | 9.9 (12) | 13.9 (14) | 28.9 (35) | 18.6 (22) | 16.8 (22) |
| Needs meal set-up | 21.6 (128)** | 19 (23) | 24.8 (25) | 30.6 (37) | 22 (26) | 13 (17) |
| Requires eating assistance | 15.7 (93)** | 9.9 (12) | 9.9 (10) | 29.8 (36) | 1.7 (2) | 25.2 (33) |
| Reduced appetite | 17.4 (103)** | 10.7 (13) | 3.0 (3) | 17.4 (21) | 11 (13) | 40.5 (53) |
| Cognitive impairment | 22 (130)** | 25.6 (31) | 5.9 (6) | 40.5 (49) | 3.5 (4) | 30.5 (40) |
| Swallowing difficulty | 22.5 (133)** | 9.1 (11) | 7.9 (8) | 18.2 (22) | 39.8 (47) | 34.4 (45) |
| Constipation | 38.8 (227)** | 38.8 (47) | 39.6 (40) | 12.4 (15) | 48.3 (57) | 51.9 (68) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 33.4 (198)** | 35.5 (43) | 29.7 (30) | 15.7 (19) | 46.6 (55) | 38.9 (51) |
| Pain | 58.8 (348)** | 45.5 (55) | 42.6 (43) | 38.8 (47) | 68.3 (98) | 80.2 (105) |
More than one barrier may have been identified per audit
**indicates statistically significant difference across sites (p < 0.0001)