Table 4.
Percentage distribution of environmental sanitation and safe drinking water characteristics of the respondents from lowland and highland communities of district Raya Alamata, Southern Tigiray, Ethiopia, 2014
| Variable | Residence | |
|---|---|---|
| Lowland | Highland | |
| Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | |
| Have latrine | ||
| Yes | 161(70.6) | 116(50.9) |
| No | 67(29.4) | 112(49.1) |
| Type of latrine | ||
| Traditional pit | 126(78.3) | 97(83.6) |
| Ventilated improved pit | 35(21.7) | 19(16.4) |
| Solid waste disposal | ||
| Open field | 53(23.2) | 138(60.5) |
| Dumping | 25(11.0) | 17(7.5) |
| In a pit | 150(65.8) | 42(18.4) |
| Burning | 0 | 31(13.6) |
| Liquid waste disposal | ||
| Open field | 63(27.6) | 145(63.6) |
| In a pit | 165(72.4) | 83(36.4) |
| Main source of drinking water | ||
| Pipe (tap water) | 95(41.7) | 0 |
| Public water | 133(58.3) | 78(34.2) |
| Protected spring/well | 0 | 35(15.4) |
| River water | 0 | 93(40.8) |
| Unprotected spring/well/rain | 0 | 22(9.6) |
| Water storage | ||
| Plastic container/jerican | 227(99.6) | 201(88.2) |
| Clay pot | 1(0.4) | 27(11.8) |
| Water for cooking, washing | ||
| Pipe (tap water) | 95(41.7) | 0 |
| Public water | 133(58.3) | 71(31.1) |
| Protected spring/well | 0 | 28(12.3) |
| Unprotected spring/well | 0 | 35(15.4) |
| River water | 0 | 94(41.2) |
| Time to fetch water | ||
| 0–15 min | 76(57.1) | 90(39.5) |
| 16–30 min | 32(24.1) | 62(27.2) |
| > = 30 min | 25(18.8) | 76(33.3) |