Figure 2. Task design and effects of group and age on task performance.

An illustration of the visuospatial task paradigm (top). Participants were instructed to indicate the laterality of the checkerboard stimulus using their right index (left-lateralized) and middle (right-lateralized) fingers. Task performance as a function of group and age (bottom). Generally, participants with HAND performed worse on the visuospatial task than those without cognitive impairment. In addition, older participants tended to respond slower on the task than younger participants. Of interest, none of these relationships remained significant when age and group were entered into a single statistical model. HAND = HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. *p < 0.05.