Table 6.

Risk of Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Among Adults with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (NDDs) Compared to Adults Without NDDs with Complete Data on Race

	Model 1	Model 1 + Race	Model 2	Model 2 + Race	Model 3	Model 3 + Race
	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)
Without NDDs	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
With NDDs	2.19 (2.04, 2.36)	2.14 (1.98, 2.30)	2.02 (1.88, 2.18)	1.98 (1.84, 2.14)	1.86 (1.73, 2.00)	1.83 (1.69, 1.97)
ID only	2.29 (2.07, 2.54)	2.20 (1.99, 2.44)	2.05 (1.85, 2.27)	1.99 (1.80, 2.21)	1.88 (1.70, 2.09)	1.84 (1.66, 2.04)
CP only	2.01 (1.75, 2.31)	1.98 (1.73, 2.28)	1.90 (1.66, 2.18)	1.87 (1.63, 2.15)	1.71 (1.49, 1.96)	1.68 (1.47, 1.93)
ASD only	1.92 (1.54, 2.40)	1.93 (1.55, 2.40)	1.90 (1.52, 2.37)	1.89 (1.52, 2.36)	1.80 (1.45, 2.25)	1.80 (1.44, 2.24)
Multiple NDDs*	3.05 (2.31, 4.02)	2.96 (2.24, 3.90)	2.83 (2.14, 3.73)	2.77 (2.10, 3.66)	2.79 (2.12, 3.69)	2.75 (2.09, 3.63)

Notes: *Multiple NDDs were grouped together due to insufficient sample size to obtain reliable point estimates and confidence intervals. Multiple NDD groups include: ID+CP; ID+ASD; CP+ASD; or ID+CP+ASD. Reference indicates that the group was set as the reference to derive the effect estimates for the other groups.

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ID, intellectual disabilities; CP, cerebral palsy; ASD, autism spectrum disorders; Model 1, age, sex, and US region. Model 2, age, sex, US region, and baseline hypertension and diabetes; Model 3, age, sex, US region, and baseline hypertension, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease.