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. 2020 Jan 22;57(1):267–296. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00848-5

Table 3.

Categorization of 78 countries according to the characteristics of their fertility transition

Roles of Parity-Specific Limitation and Parity-Independent Curtailment
Role of Spacing Role of Postponement Mostly Curtailment Mixed Mostly Limiting
Substantial increase in spacing Substantial postponement Morocco Costa Rica

Colombia

Dominican Republic

Guyana

Peru

Postponement Jordan Egypt Brazil
Little or no postponement

Sudan (North)

Yemen

Limited or no increase in spacing Substantial postponement

Malawi

Liberia

Zimbabwe

Lesotho

Namibia

Haiti

Myanmar

South Africa

Ecuador

El Salvador

Honduras

Paraguay

Moldova

Ukraine

Bangladesh

Maldives

Indonesia

Postponement

Benin

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cameroon

Congo (Republic)

Côte d’Ivoire

Ghana

Mozambique

São Tomé and Principe

Senegal

Swaziland

Tanzania

Togo

Uganda

Zambia

Mexico

Trinidad and Tobago

Gabon

Kenya

Madagascar

Rwanda

Kyrgyz Republic

Sri Lanka

Thailand

Bolivia

Guatemala

Nicaragua

Albania

Armenia

Turkey

Cambodia

Philippines

Vietnam

Little or no postponement

Comoros

Congo (Democratic Republic)

Ethiopia

Gambia

Guinea

Nigeria

Sierra Leone

Tunisia

Afghanistan

Pakistan

Timor-Leste

Kazakhstan

Tajikistan

Uzbekistan

Azerbaijan

India

Nepal