Table 2.
Glycosylation enzyme gene and protein expression alterations in schizophrenia brain.
| Brain region | BA46 | BA9/46 | BA22 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | 70 | 53 | 52 | 55 | 72 | 54 | ||
| Glycosylation enzymes | Gene array | Gene RT-PCR short-term DOI | Gene RT-PCR long-term DOI | Gene array | Protein | Protein | Protein | Protein |
| AGA | ↓ | ↔ | ||||||
| B3GLCT (B3GALTL) | ↑ | ↔ | ||||||
| B3GNT2 | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | |||||
| B3GNT3 | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | |||||
| B3GNT4 | ↔ | ↑ | ||||||
| B3GNT8 (B3GNTL1) | ↑ | ↓ | ||||||
| B4GALT1 | ↔ | ↔ | ↓ | |||||
| B4GALT2 | ↑ | |||||||
| B4GALT3 | ↑ | |||||||
| B4GALT6 | * | ↓ | ↔ | |||||
| C1GALT1 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| C1GALT1C1 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| EDEM1 | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| EDEM2 | ↑ | ↑ | ||||||
| EDEM3 | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| FUCA2 | ↑ | ↔ | ||||||
| FUT11 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| FUT6 | * | |||||||
| FUT8 | ↔ | ↑ | ↓ | |||||
| GAL3ST1 | ↔ | ↓ | ↔ | |||||
| GALC | ↔ | ↓ | ↔ | |||||
| GALNT10 | ↑ | |||||||
| GALNT2 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| GALNT3 | ↑ | |||||||
| GALNT4 | ↑ | |||||||
| GALNT5 | * | |||||||
| GALNT7 | ↔ | ↔ | ↔ | |||||
| GALNT16 (GALNTL1) | ↔ | ↔ | ↓ | |||||
| GALNTL5 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| GANAB | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| GCNT3 | ↑ | |||||||
| MAN1A1 | ↑ | |||||||
| MAN1B1 | ↑ | ↔ | ||||||
| MAN2A2 | * | ↔ | ||||||
| MGAT1 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| MGAT2 | ↔ | |||||||
| MGAT3 | * | ↑ | ||||||
| MGAT4A | ↔ | ↑ | ↓ | |||||
| MGAT4B | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| MGAT4C | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| MGAT5 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| MGAT5B | ↑ | ↔ | ||||||
| MOGS | ↑ | ↔ | ||||||
| NEU1 | ↑ | |||||||
| NEU2 | ↑ | |||||||
| NEU3 | ↑ | |||||||
| OGT | ↑ | |||||||
| PDIA3 (ERp57) | ↔ | |||||||
| POFUT1 | ↔ | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| POFUT2 | ↔ | ↔ | ↑ | |||||
| ST3GAL1 | ↑ | |||||||
| ST3GAL2 | * | ↑ | ||||||
| ST6GAL1 | * | ↑ | ↔ | |||||
| ST8SIA3 | ↑ | |||||||
| ST8SIA6 | ↑ | |||||||
| UGGT1 | ↔ | ↔ | ||||||
| UGGT2 | ↑ | ↑ | ||||||
| UGT8 | ↓ | ↓ | ↔ | |||||
Glycosylation enzymes with reported gene and protein expression differences in schizophrenia brain are summarized from refs. 52–55,70,72 The direction of gene expression differences in schizophrenia for some enzymes were not specified and are indicated with an asterisk (*). Genes which do not demonstrate differential expression in schizophrenia are listed only if both gene and protein expression of the enzyme have been measured. Symbols: increased expression (↑), decreased expression (↓), no expression difference detected (↔).