Table 2.
Mental health outcome scores of participating veterinarians (n = 60) and predicted impact on Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) score (n = 995) in multilevel, univariable linear regression.
| Scale or subscale |
Mean (Median) |
Standard deviation |
IQR (Range) |
Cronbach's alpha | Polynomial degree | Predicted impact on CSQ score (CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connor-Davidson Resilience | 31.1 (30.5) |
5.7 | 28.0–35.0 (19–40) |
0.89 | 1st | −0.78 (−1.51 to −0.054) | 0.035* |
| 2nd | 0.028 (0.003 to 0.053) | 0.029* | |||||
| 3rd | −3.2e−4 (−0.001 to −3.9e−5) | 0.025* | |||||
| Perceived stress | 14.2 (14.0) |
6.8 | 9.0–17.5 (2–31) |
0.90 | 1st | 0.038 (−0.054 to 0.13) | 0.42 |
| 2nd | −0.004 (−0.010 to 0.002) | 0.21 | |||||
| 3rd | 1.0e−4 (−2.5e−5 to 2.3e−4) | 0.11 | |||||
| HADS‡ Anxiety | 6.6 (6.0) |
4.0 | 3.5–9.0 (0–17) |
0.86 | 1st | −0.034 (−0.08 to −0.010) | 0.13 |
| 2nd | 0.0021 (0.001 to 0.005) | 0.11 | |||||
| HADS‡ Depression | 3.7 (3.0) |
3.2 | 1.0–5.0 (0–16) |
0.77 | 1st | −0.049 (−0.091 to −0.008) | 0.019* |
| 2nd | 0.003 (−1.2e−4 to 0.007) | 0.059 | |||||
| HADS‡ Emotional distress | 10.3 (9.0) |
6.4 | 5.5–14.5 (0–21) |
0.87 | 1st | −0.028 (−0.058 to 0.001) | 0.060 |
| 2nd | 0.001 (1.4e−4 to 0.002) | 0.085 | |||||
| MBI-HSS§ Emotional exhaustion | 21.4 (19.5) |
13.0 | 10.5–32.0 (0–53) |
0.94 | 1st | 0.087 (0.014 to 0.16) | 0.019* |
| 2nd | −0.007 (−0.012 to −0.002) | 0.010* | |||||
| 3rd | 1.9e−4 (3.7e−5 to 3.4e−4) | 0.014* | |||||
| 4th | −1.6e−6 (−3.0e−6 to −1.7e−7) | 0.028* | |||||
| MBI-HSS§ Depersonalization | 7.7 (6.0) |
5.8 | 3.0–11.0 (0–23) |
0.81 | 1st | 0.046 (−0.027 to 0.12) | 0.22 |
| 2nd | −0.008 (−0.016 to 1.3e−4) | 0.054 | |||||
| 3rd | 2.8e−4 (4.3e−5 to 0.001) | 0.021* | |||||
| MBI-HSS§ Personal accomplishment | 38.8 (39.5) |
6.6 | 35.0–44.0 (21–48) |
0.77 | 1st | 0.011 (0.003 to 0.019) | 0.010* |
| ProQOL|| Burnout | 22.3 (21.0) |
6.1 | 18.0–26.5 (10–37) |
0.81 | 1st | 1.64 (0.69 to 2.59) | 0.001* |
| 2nd | −0.11 (−0.18 to −0.047) | 0.001* | |||||
| 3rd | 0.003 (0.001 to 0.005) | 0.001* | |||||
| 4th | −3.3e−5 (−5.3e−5 to −1.2e−5) | 0.002* | |||||
| ProQOL|| Secondary traumatic stress | 22.4 (21.5) |
6.2 | 18.0–25.5 (13–39) |
0.83 | 1st | 1.64 (0.30 to 2.97) | 0.016* |
| 2nd | −0.10 (−0.19 to −0.019) | 0.017* | |||||
| 3rd | 0.003 (4.9e−5 to 0.005) | 0.018* | |||||
| 4th | −2.7e−5 (−4.9e−5 to −4.3e−6) | 0.020* | |||||
| ProQOL|| Compassion satisfaction | 40.9 (41.0) |
6.1 | 37.0–46.0 (26–50) |
0.92 | 1st | −0.094 (−0.20 to 0.012) | 0.083 |
| 2nd | 0.001 (−0.000 to 0.003) | 0.069 |
*
Variables with a significant (P < 0.05) association with CSQ score in univariable linear regression.
‡
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
§
Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey.
||
Professional Quality of Life.