Fig. 1.

Data shown are of one-way ANOVA for CD8, smooth muscle action (SMA), and CD68 staining. CD8⁺ T cells and SMA expression are elevated during the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese patients. Top: Human liver tissue sections were obtained from obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery that were diagnosed with normal, steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or cirrhosis. Bottom: representative images of trichrome staining, H&E, CD8, SMA, and CD68 staining (×20). Staining was quantified using Tissue Image Analysis for the Digital Image Hub. Data represent 8–10 patients per group. ****P < 0.0001.