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Tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) of 1-Hz frequency improved voiding efficiency but did not change bladder capacity. The 1-Hz TNS was applied only during voiding (TNSv) or continuously (TNSc) during the entire cystometrogram (CMG) The black bar under the CMG trace indicates the 1-Hz TNS duration. TNS: 1 Hz, 0.2 ms, 4T = 2.4 V. The CMGs were obtained from the same cat as shown in Fig. 3. The control and 5th CMGs in this figure are same as the control and 5th CMGs in Fig. 3.
