Table 2.
Cytokine and chemokine levels measured in the serum and RVLM micropunches using multiplex assay in C57BL/6J mice after 16 wks of chow or HFD
| Serum, pg/mL |
RVLM, pg/µg protein |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokine/Chemokine | Chow | HFD | P Value | Chow | HFD | P Value |
| Eotaxin | 1,355.4 ± 136.6 | 1,348.4 ± 118.5 | 0.969 | 0.037 ± 0.003 | 0.074 ± 0.016 | 0.06 |
| G-CSF | 388.3 ± 54.9 | 329.6 ± 40.5 | 0.391 | 0.028 ± 0.003 | 0.041 ± 0.003 | 0.06 |
| GM-CSF | 0.105 ± 0.03 | 0.221 ± 0.01 | 0.01* | |||
| IFN-γ | 0.114 ± 0.02 | 0.117 ± 0.01 | 0.88 | |||
| IL-1a | 262.17 ± 56.6 | 367.92 ± 75 | 0.297 | 2.18 ± 0.29 | 2.79 ± 0.08 | 0.15 |
| IL-1b | 0.104 ± 0.02 | 0.142 ± 0.01 | 0.21 | |||
| IL-2 | 5.78 ± 1.55 | 6.82 ± 0.35 | 0.54 | |||
| IL-6 | 5.38 ± 1.7 | 14.09 ± 2.55 | 0.01* | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.006 | 0.5 |
| IL-7 | 0.03 ± 0.004 | 0.05 ± 0.003 | 0.11 | |||
| IL-9 | 628 ± 290.99 | 260.3 ± 56.8 | 0.21 | 25.67 ± 9.6 | 23.2 ± 2.9 | 0.81 |
| IL-10 | 1.03 ± 0.20 | 1.35 ± 0.11 | 0.21 | |||
| IL-12p40 | 8.05 ± 2.64 | 12.99 ± 2.76 | 0.21 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.03* |
| IL-12p70 | 0.161 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.05 | 0.15 | |||
| IL-13 | 81.52 ± 13.8 | 75.62 ± 21.6 | 0.81 | 1.06 ± 0.07 | 1.20 ± 0.03 | 0.11 |
| IL-15 | 33.78 ± 15.4 | 50.01 ± 15.5 | 0.49 | 0.6 ± 0.08 | 0.86 ± 0.10 | 0.1 |
| IL-17 | 4.07 ± 1.31 | 7.25 ± 1.84 | 0.18 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.003 | 0.006* |
| IP-10 | 312.98 ± 18.5 | 471.32 ± 56.25 | 0.02* | 0.19 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 0.36 |
| KC | 369.4 ± 63.3 | 870.6 ± 131.8 | 0.005* | 0.14 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.01 | 0.004* |
| LIX | 9,718 ± 2,159 | 8,959 ± 3,036 | 0.84 | 3.51 ± 0.55 | 3.88 ± 0.15 | 0.53 |
| MCP1 | 25.12 ± 4.98 | 94.52 ± 18.94 | 0.005* | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 0.01* |
| MCSF1 | 2.88 ± 1.53 | 20.38 ± 8.43 | 0.08 | 0.211 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | 0.32 |
| MIG | 819.27 ± 129.2 | 1,320.26 ± 143.7 | 0.02* | 0.16 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.004 | 0.7 |
| MIP1a | 124.33 ± 28.8 | 100.43 ± 9.3 | 0.43 | 0.68 ± 0.15 | 0.61 ± 0.01 | 0.66 |
| MIP1b | 95.94 ± 15.94 | 94.57 ± 22.92 | 0.96 | 0.49 ± 0.01 | 0.52 ± 0.02 | 0.17 |
| MIP2 | 194.45 ± 44.43 | 275.05 ± 68.08 | 0.37 | 1.17 ± 0.06 | 1.29 ± 0.13 | 0.39 |
| RANTES | 55.88 ± 9.2 | 58.32 ± 6.4 | 0.82 | 0.18 ± 0.02 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 0.36 |
| TNF-α | 0.04 ± 0.006 | 0.05 ± 0.008 | 0.32 | |||
| VEGF | 6.42 ± 1.5 | 4.6 ± 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.03 ± 0.005 | 0.04 ± 0.004 | 0.21 |
G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; HFD, high-fat diet; IP-10, 10-kDa interferon-γ-induced protein; KC, keratinocyte chemoattractant; LIX, C-X-C motif chemokine 5; MCP1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MCSF1, macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; MIG, monokine induced by interferon-γ; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normally T-expressed, and presumably secreted; RVLM, rostral ventrolateral medulla.
*
Significant change (P < 0.05).