PKCβ stimulation leads to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from control neonates. A: representative photomicrographs of MitoSOX fluorescence from transiently cultured PASMCs collected from pulmonary arteries of control neonates. B: summary data of MitoSOX mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) under vehicle conditions or in response to the PKC agonist PMA (10 μM) in the presence of each treatment condition: PKCβ inhibition with LY-333,531 (LY, 10 nM), oxidant scavenging with the superoxide dismutase mimetics 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine (TEMPOL, 1 mM) and Tiron (10 mM), and the mitochondria-targeted scavenger (2-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride (MitoTEMPO, 200 μM). Values are means ± SE; n = 6 rats/group (indicated in bars). *P < 0.05 vs. vehicle, #P < 0.05 vs. PMA vehicle, analyzed by 2-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test.