Table 1. Select dosimetric comparisons of proton beam therapy and photon-based treatment technique for esophagus cancer.
| Author (year) | No. patients | Technique comparison | Dose (Gy)/No. fractions | Advantages with PBT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhang et al. (2008) | 15 | PS-PBT vs. IMRT | 50.4/28 | Heart: V40–50 Gy. Lung: Dmean, V5–20 Gy |
| Warren et al. (2016) | 21 | PBS-PBT vs. VMAT | 50–62.5/25 | Heart: Dmean, V5 Gy. Lung: Dmean |
| Shiraishi et al. (2017) | 727 | PS-PBT (99%) or PBS-PBT vs. IMRT | 50.4/28 | Heart: Dmean, V5–40 Gy. Lung: Dmean, V5 Gy. Liver: Dmean, V30 Gy |
| Xi et al. (2017) | 343 | PS-PBT (95%) or PBS-PBT vs. IMRT | 50.4/28 | Heart: Dmean, V30 Gy. Lung: Dmean, V5–20 Gy |
| Macomber et al. (2018) | 59 | Mixed PS-PBT and PBS-PBT vs. IMRT vs. 3DCRT | 50.4/28 | Heart: Dmean, V5–40 Gy |
| Liu et al. (2019) | 35 | PBS-PBT vs. VMAT | 50–50.4/25–28 | Heart: Dmean, V20 Gy. Lung: Dmean, V5 Gy. Liver: Dmean, V30 Gy |
PBT, proton beam therapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiotherapy; PS-PBT, passively scattered proton beam therapy; PBS-PBT, pencil beam scanning proton beam therapy; VMAT, volumetrically modulated arc therapy; 3DCRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy; Dmean, mean dose to entire organ; Vx Gy, percentage volume of organ receiving at least X Gy.